<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rss version="2.0">
  <channel>
    <title>LIVEMOCHA</title>
    <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/</link>
    <description></description>
    <language>ko</language>
    <pubDate>Tue, 4 Aug 2026 06:28:29 +0900</pubDate>
    <generator>TISTORY</generator>
    <ttl>100</ttl>
    <managingEditor>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</managingEditor>
    <image>
      <title>LIVEMOCHA</title>
      <url>https://tistory1.daumcdn.net/tistory/5477842/attach/456b918908694ab4ba2c92a21f6ab512</url>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com</link>
    </image>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 넘어짐에 대하여 &amp;ndash; 정호승 시인</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5356</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;넘어짐에 대하여 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ndash; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시인&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나는 넘어질 때마다 꼭 물 위에 넘어진다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나는 일어설 때마다 꼭 물을 짚고 일어선다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;더 이상 검은 물속 깊이 빠지지 않기 위하여&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;잔잔한 물결&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;때로는 거친 삼각파도를 짚고 일어선다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나는 넘어지지 않으려고 할 때만 꼭 넘어진다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;오히려 넘어지고 있으면 넘어지지 않는다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;넘어져도 좋다고 생각하면 넘어지지 않고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;천천히 제비꽃이 핀 강둑을 걸어간다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;어떤 때는 물을 짚고 일어서다가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;그만 물속에 빠질 때가 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;그럴 때는 아예 물속으로 힘차게 걸어간다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;수련이 손을 뻗으면 수련의 손을 잡고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;물고기들이 앞장서면 푸른 물고기의 길을 따라간다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;아직도 넘어질 일과&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;일어설 시간이 남아 있다는 것은 큰 축복이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;일으켜세우기 위해 나를 넘어뜨리고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;넘어뜨리기 위해 다시 일으켜세운다 할 지라도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- 정호승 시집 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;포옹&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;중에서 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5356</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5356#entry5356comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 2 Jul 2026 18:26:05 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 부러짐에 대하여 &amp;ndash; 정호승</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5355</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;부러짐에 대하여 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ndash; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나뭇가지가 바람에 뚝뚝 부러지는 것은&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나뭇가지를 물고 가 집을 짓는 새들을 위해서다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;만일 나뭇가지가 부러지지 않고 그대로 나뭇가지로 살아남는다면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;새들이 무엇으로 집을 지을 수 있겠는가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;만일 내가 부러지지 않고 계속 살아남기만을 원한다면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;누가 나를 사랑할 수 있겠는가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;오늘도 거리에 유난히 작고 가는 나뭇가지가 부러져 나뒹구는 것은&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;새들로 하여금 그 나뭇가지를 물고 가 집을 짓게 하기 위해서다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;만일 나뭇가지가 작고 가늘게 부러지지 않고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;마냥 크고 굵게만 부러진다면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;어찌 어린 새들이 부리로 그 나뭇가지를 물고 가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;하늘 높이 집을 지을 수 있겠는가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;만일 내가 부러지지 않고 계속 살아남기만을 원한다면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;누가 나를 인간의 집을 짓는 데 슬 수 있겠는가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시집 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;포옹&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;중에서 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5355</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5355#entry5355comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 2 Jul 2026 18:24:55 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 봄 길 &amp;ndash; 정호승 시인</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5354</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;봄 길 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ndash; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시인&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;길이 끝나는 곳에서도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;길이 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;길이 끝나는 곳에서도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;길이 되는 사람이 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;스스로 봄길이 되어&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;끝없이 걸어가는 사람이 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;강물은 흐르다가 멈추고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;새들은 날아가 돌아오지 않고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;하늘과 땅 사이의 모든 꽃잎은 흩어져도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;보라&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;사랑이 끝난 곳에서도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;사랑으로 남아 있는 사람이 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;스스로 사랑이 되어&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;한없이 봄길을 걸어가는 사람이 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시집 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;사랑하다가 죽어버려라&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;중에서 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5354</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5354#entry5354comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 2 Jul 2026 18:24:09 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 밥값 &amp;ndash; 정호승 시인</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5353</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;밥값 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ndash; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시인&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;어머니&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;아무래도 제가 지옥에 한번 다녀오겠습니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;아무리 멀어도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;아침에 출근하듯이 갔다가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;저녁에 퇴근하듯이 다녀오겠습니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;식사 거르지 마시고 꼭꼭 씹어서 잡수시고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;외출하실 때는 가스불 꼭 잠그시고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;너무 염려하지는 마세요&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;지옥도 사람 사는 곳이겠지요&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;지금이라도 밥값을 하러 지옥에 가면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;비로소 제가 인간이 될 수 있을 겁니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정호승 시집 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;밥값&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;중에서 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;-&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5353</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5353#entry5353comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 2 Jul 2026 18:22:06 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 그만 내려놓으시오 &amp;ndash; 공광규 시인</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5352</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;오늘 어디에서인가 본 詩인데 마음에 와닿아 여기 전문을 소개한다. 이 시인의 책을 구해서 보고 싶다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;그만 내려놓으시오 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ndash; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;공광규 시인&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;인생 상담을 하느라 스님과 마주 앉았는데&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;보이차를 따라 놓고는&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;잔을 들고 있어 보라고 한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;작은 찻잔도 오래 들고 있으니 무겁다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;그만 내려놓으시오&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;찻잔을 내려놓자&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;금세 팔이 시원해졌다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;절간을 나와&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;화분에 담겨 시든 꽃을 매달고 있는 화초와&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;하수가 고여 썩은 개천을 지나오는데&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;꽃은 화려함을 땅에 내려놔야 열매를 얻고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;물은 도랑을 버려야 강과 바다에 이른다는&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;말씀이 내 뒤를 따라온다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5352</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5352#entry5352comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2026 21:53:34 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(종교) &amp;quot;발견의 교리&amp;quot;에 대한 가톨릭의 공식 성명(23년 3월 30일)</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5351</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;아래는 다음 글의 번역문이다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;background-color: #ffffff; color: #663300; text-align: -webkit-center;&quot;&gt;Joint Statement of the Dicasteries for Culture and Education and for Promoting Integral Human Development on the &amp;ldquo;Doctrine of Discovery&amp;rdquo;, 30.03.2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;15세기 가톨릭이 서구 제국들의 남미와 아프리카 침략에 승락한 교황칙서들이 바로 &quot;발견의 교리Doctrine of Discovery&quot;라고 불리는 것인데, 수세기 후 마침내 가톨릭이 이에 대한 과거에 대한 인적과 사과를 표한 공식 문건이 아래의 글이다. 나는 &amp;lt;노르위치의 줄리안&amp;gt;이란 책을 통해 이런 발견의 교리라는 게 있다는 걸 알게 되었다. 그리고 이 발견의 교리는 미국의 어느 학자가 만들어낸 개념이라고 한다. 아래의 한글 번역은 AI의 도움을 받은 것이다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;영문 링크: &lt;a href=&quot;https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2023/03/30/230330b.html?utm_id=97757_v0_s00_e0_tv2_a1den5eq1lkaxv&amp;amp;fbclid=IwY2xjawSUosdleHRuA2FlbQIxMQBzcnRjBmFwcF9pZBAyMjIwMzkxNzg4MjAwODkyAAEebaEdNHf1pv0EM1HjYWmDRZ0F-5Dh2skwHyMpQVrykDahn6ckhDMgvwtwauU_aem_ZPghSkL3aVlgYLOjVE_wMA&quot; target=&quot;_blank&quot; rel=&quot;noopener&amp;nbsp;noreferrer&quot;&gt;https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/bollettino/pubblico/2023/03/30/230330b.html?utm_id=97757_v0_s00_e0_tv2_a1den5eq1lkaxv&amp;amp;fbclid=IwY2xjawSUosdleHRuA2FlbQIxMQBzcnRjBmFwcF9pZBAyMjIwMzkxNzg4MjAwODkyAAEebaEdNHf1pv0EM1HjYWmDRZ0F-5Dh2skwHyMpQVrykDahn6ckhDMgvwtwauU_aem_ZPghSkL3aVlgYLOjVE_wMA&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;「&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(Doctrine of Discovery)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;」&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;에 관한 문화교육부와 온전한 인간 발전 촉진을 위한 부서의 공동 성명 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;년 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;월 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;30&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;일&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;1. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그리스도께서 맡기신 사명에 충실하여&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;가톨릭교회는 보편적 형제애와 모든 인간의 존엄성에 대한 존중을 증진하기 위해 노력한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;2. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이러한 이유로 역사 속에서 교황들은 원주민들에게 가해진 행위를 포함하여 폭력&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;억압&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;사회적 불의&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;노예제도를 단죄해 왔다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;또한 수많은 주교&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;사제&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;수도자&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그리고 평신도들이 원주민들의 존엄성을 수호하기 위해 자신의 생명을 바친 사례들도 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;3. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;동시에 역사적 사실에 대한 존중은&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;모든 시대에 걸쳐 그리스도의 제자들이 보여 준 인간적 약점과 잘못을 인정할 것을 요구한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;많은 그리스도인들이 원주민들에게 악행을 저질렀으며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이에 대해 최근의 교황들은 여러 차례 용서를 청해 왔다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;4. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;오늘날&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;특히 가톨릭 신앙을 고백하는 원주민들과의 새로운 대화를 통해 교회는 그들의 가치와 문화를 더욱 깊이 이해하게 되었다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;또한 그들의 도움으로 교회는 과거와 현재에 걸쳐 그들이 겪어 온 고통에 대해 더욱 깊이 인식하게 되었다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그 고통에는 원주민들이 하느님과 조상들의 신성한 선물로 여기는 토지의 수탈과&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그들의 문화를 말살하기 위해 당시 정부 당국이 추진한 강제 동화 정책이 포함된다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;프란치스코 교황이 강조했듯이&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이러한 고통은 식민주의적 사고방식을 버리고 상호 존중과 대화 속에서 그들과 나란히 걸어가며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;모든 개인과 민족의 권리와 문화적 가치를 인정하라는 강력한 요청이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이러한 관점에서 교회는 원주민들과 동행하며 화해와 치유를 증진하는 노력을 지원할 것을 다짐한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;5. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;원주민들의 목소리에 귀 기울이는 이러한 맥락 안에서&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;교회는 이른바 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;를 다루는 것이 중요하다는 사실을 인식하게 되었다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(discovery)&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이라는 법적 개념은 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세기 이후 식민 열강들 사이에서 논의되었으며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;특히 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;19&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세기에 여러 국가 법원의 판례에서 구체적으로 표현되었다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그에 따르면 정착민이 어떤 땅을 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;lsquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rsquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;하면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그 땅에 대한 원주민들의 권리나 소유권을 매입이나 정복을 통해 소멸시킬 수 있는 배타적 권리가 발생한다고 보았다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;일부 학자들은 이러한 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;의 근거를 교황 칙서인 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;《&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;둠 디베르사스&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(Dum Diversas, 1452)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;》&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;《&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;로마누스 폰티펙스&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(Romanus Pontifex, 1455)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;》&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;《&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;인터 카에테라&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(Inter Caetera, 1493)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;》 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;등에서 찾고 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;6. &amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;는 가톨릭교회의 가르침의 일부가 아니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;역사 연구는 문제의 교황 문서들이 특정한 역사적 상황 속에서 정치적 문제와 관련하여 작성된 것이며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;결코 가톨릭 신앙의 표현으로 간주된 적이 없음을 분명히 보여 준다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;동시에 교회는 이 교황 칙서들이 원주민들의 동등한 존엄성과 권리를 충분히 반영하지 못했음을 인정한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;또한 교회는 이 문서들의 내용이 경쟁적인 식민 열강들에 의해 정치적 목적으로 왜곡되어 사용되었고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그 결과 원주민들에게 가해진 비도덕적 행위들이 때로는 교회 당국의 반대 없이 자행되었음을 인식하고 있다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이러한 오류를 인정하고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;동화 정책이 초래한 참혹한 결과와 원주민들이 겪은 고통을 인정하며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;용서를 청하는 것은 정의로운 일이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;더욱이 프란치스코 교황은 다음과 같이 촉구하였다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그리스도교 공동체는 결코 다시는 어떤 문화가 다른 문화보다 우월하다거나&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;다른 사람들에게 강압적인 방식을 사용하는 것이 정당하다는 생각에 물들어서는 안 됩니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;7. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;교회의 교도권은 모든 인간에게 마땅히 주어져야 할 존중을 분명하고 단호하게 가르친다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;따라서 가톨릭교회는 원주민들의 고유한 인권을 인정하지 않는 모든 개념을 배격하며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;여기에는 법적&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정치적 개념으로 알려진 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;도 포함된다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;8. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;교회와 교황들은 수많은 반복된 선언을 통해 원주민들의 권리를 옹호해 왔다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;예를 들어&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, 1537&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;년 교황 바오로 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세는 칙서 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;《&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Sublimis Deus&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;》&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;에서 다음과 같이 선언하였다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;우리는 선언하고 규정한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;hellip; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;위에 언급된 인디언들과 앞으로 그리스도인들에 의해 발견될 모든 다른 민족들은 비록 그리스도교 신앙 밖에 있을지라도 결코 자유와 재산의 소유권을 박탈당해서는 안 된다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그들은 자유와 재산을 합법적으로 향유할 수 있고 또 그래야 한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;또한 어떠한 방식으로도 노예로 만들어져서는 안 된다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;만일 그 반대의 일이 일어난다면&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그것은 무효이며 아무 효력도 가지지 못한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;9. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;보다 최근에는&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;원주민들과의 연대 정신에 따라 교황청은 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;United Nations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;의 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;《&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;》&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;에 담긴 원칙들을 강력히 지지해 왔다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이러한 원칙들이 실행된다면 원주민들의 생활 여건이 개선되고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그들의 권리가 보호되며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그들의 정체성&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;언어&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;문화를 존중하는 방식으로 발전을 촉진하는 데 도움이 될 것이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;요약&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;이 성명의 핵심은 다음과 같다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;가톨릭교회는 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;를 교회의 가르침으로 인정하지 않는다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- 15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세기 교황 칙서들이 식민주의와 원주민 억압을 정당화하는 데 이용된 사실을 인정한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그 문서들이 원주민의 동등한 존엄성과 권리를 충분히 반영하지 못했음을 인정한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;원주민들에게 가해진 역사적 잘못과 강제 동화 정책의 피해에 대해 유감을 표하고 용서를 청한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;원주민의 인권&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;문화&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;토지 권리를 지지하며 화해와 치유를 위해 노력할 것을 약속한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;특히 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;발견의 교리&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;를 법적&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;middot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정치적 개념으로 명시적으로 배격&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(repudiate)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;한다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; text-align: -webkit-left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Joint Statement of the Dicasteries for Culture and Education and for Promoting Integral Human Development on the &amp;ldquo;Doctrine of Discovery&amp;rdquo;, 30.03.2023&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; text-align: -webkit-left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left;&quot;&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1. In fidelity to the mandate received from Christ, the Catholic Church strives to promote universal fraternity and respect for the dignity of every human being.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;2. For this reason, in the course of history the Popes have condemned acts of violence, oppression, social injustice and slavery, including those committed against indigenous peoples. There have also been numerous examples of bishops, priests, women and men religious and lay faithful who gave their lives in defense of the dignity of those peoples.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;3. At the same time, respect for the facts of history demands an acknowledgement of the human weakness and failings of Christ&amp;rsquo;s disciples in every generation. Many Christians&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;have committed evil acts against indigenous peoples for which recent Popes have asked forgiveness on numerous occasions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;4. In our own day, a renewed dialogue with indigenous peoples, especially with those who profess the Catholic Faith, has helped the Church to understand better their values and cultures. With their help, the Church has acquired a greater awareness of their sufferings, past and present, due to the expropriation of their lands, which they consider a sacred gift from God and their ancestors, as well as the policies of forced assimilation, promoted by the governmental authorities of the time, intended to eliminate their indigenous cultures. As Pope Francis has emphasized, their sufferings constitute a powerful summons to abandon the colonizing mentality and to walk with them side by side, in mutual respect and dialogue, recognizing the rights and cultural values of all individuals and peoples. In this regard, the Church is committed to accompany indigenous peoples and to foster efforts aimed at promoting reconciliation and healing.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;5. It is in this context of listening to indigenous peoples that the Church has heard the importance of addressing the concept referred to as the &amp;ldquo;doctrine of discovery.&amp;rdquo; The legal concept of &amp;ldquo;discovery&amp;rdquo; was debated by colonial powers from the sixteenth century onward and found particular expression in the nineteenth century jurisprudence of courts in several countries, according to which the discovery of lands by settlers granted an exclusive right to extinguish, either by purchase or conquest, the title to or possession of those lands by indigenous peoples. Certain scholars have argued that the basis of the aforementioned &amp;ldquo;doctrine&amp;rdquo; is to be found in several papal documents, such as the Bulls&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Dum Diversas&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;(1452),&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Romanus Pontifex&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;(1455) and&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Inter Caetera&lt;/i&gt;&amp;nbsp;(1493).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;6. The &amp;ldquo;doctrine of discovery&amp;rdquo; is not part of the teaching of the Catholic Church. Historical research clearly demonstrates that the papal documents in question, written in a specific historical period and linked to political questions, have never been considered expressions of the Catholic faith. At the same time, the Church acknowledges that these papal bulls did not adequately reflect&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;the equal dignity and rights of indigenous peoples. The Church is also aware that the contents of these documents were manipulated for political purposes by competing colonial powers in order to justify immoral acts against indigenous peoples that were carried out, at times, without opposition from ecclesiastical authorities. It is only just to recognize these errors, acknowledge the terrible effects of the assimilation policies and the pain experienced by indigenous peoples, and ask for pardon. Furthermore, Pope Francis has urged: &amp;ldquo;Never again can the Christian community allow itself to be infected by the idea that one culture is superior to others, or that it is legitimate to employ ways of coercing others.&amp;rdquo;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;7. In no uncertain terms, the Church&amp;rsquo;s magisterium upholds the respect due to every human being. The Catholic Church therefore repudiates those concepts that fail to recognize the inherent human rights of indigenous peoples, including what has become known as the legal and political &amp;ldquo;doctrine of discovery&amp;rdquo;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;8. Numerous and repeated statements by the Church and the Popes uphold the rights of indigenous peoples. For example, in the 1537 Bull&amp;nbsp;&lt;i&gt;Sublimis Deus&lt;/i&gt;, Pope Paul III wrote,&lt;b&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/b&gt;&amp;ldquo;We define and declare [ ... ] that [, .. ] the said Indians and all other people who may later be discovered by Christians, are by no means to be deprived of their liberty or the possession of their property, even though they be outside the Christian faith; and that they may and should, freely and legitimately, enjoy their liberty and possession of their property; nor should they be in any way enslaved; should the contrary happen, it shall be null and have no effect&amp;rdquo;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;9. More recently, the Church&amp;rsquo;s solidarity with indigenous peoples has given rise to the Holy See&amp;rsquo;s strong support for the principles contained in the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The implementation of those principles would improve the living conditions and help protect the rights of indigenous peoples as well as facilitate their development in a way that respects their identity, language and culture.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; text-align: -webkit-left;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>아름다운 인생/종교</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5351</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5351#entry5351comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Tue, 9 Jun 2026 19:30:42 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 국화꽃 - 천상병(千祥炳, 1930~1993)</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5350</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;국화꽃 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;천상병&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;千祥炳&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, 1930~1993)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;오늘만의 밤은 없었어도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;달은 떴고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;별은 반짝였다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;괴로움만의 날은 없어도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;해는 다시 떠오르고&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;아침은 열렸다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;무심만이 내가 아니라도&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;탁자 위 컵에 꽂힌 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;한 송이 국화꽃으로&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;나는 빛난다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;!&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5350</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5350#entry5350comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 19:39:19 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 꽃은 훈장(勳章) - 천상병(千祥炳, 1930~1993)</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5349</link>
      <description>&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;꽃은 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;勳章&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;훈장&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;천상병&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;千祥炳&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, 1930~1993)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;꽃은 훈장이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;하나님이 인류에게 내리신 훈장이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;산야에 피어 있는 꽃의 아름다움&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;사람은 때로 꽃을 따서 가슴에 단다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;훈장이니까 할 수 없는 일이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;얼마나 의젓한 일인가&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;인류에게 이런 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;恩賞&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;은상&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;을 내린 하나님은&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;두고 두고 축복되어 마땅한 일이다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;전진을 거듭하는 인류의 슬기여&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5349</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5349#entry5349comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 19:36:53 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(시) 귀천 - 천상병 시인</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5348</link>
      <description>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;1994년 미래사에서 발행한 한국대표시인100인선집 48, 천상병시선집 &amp;lt;아름다운 이 세상 소풍 끝내는 날&amp;gt;을 읽다가 발견한 시이다. 내가 사랑하는 시 중에 하나이다. 전문은 아래와 같다.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;귀천 - 천상병&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;나 하늘로 돌아가리라.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;새벽빛 와 닿으면 스러지는&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;이슬 더불어 손에 손을 잡고,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;나 하늘로 돌아가리라.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;노을빛 함께 단둘이어서&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;기슭에서 놀다가 구름 손짓하면은,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;나 하늘로 돌아가리라.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;아름다운 이 세상 소풍 끝내는 날,&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;가서, 아름다웠더라고 말하리라......&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>현대시/한국시</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5348</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5348#entry5348comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 13:02:54 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>(음악) 비발디의 &amp;ldquo;조화의 영감(L'Estro Armonico 레스트로 아르모니코)&amp;rdquo;</title>
      <link>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5347</link>
      <description>&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;비발디의 조화의 영감의 이태리어 제목이 문법적으로 어떤 의미인가 궁금해서 챗지피티에게 물었더니, 다음과 같이 답해주었다.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;비발디의 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&amp;ldquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;조화의 영감&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(L'Estro Armonico &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;레스트로 아르모니코&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&amp;rdquo;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;에 대한 문법적 분석&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;비발디의 협주곡집인 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;L'Estro Armonico&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;는 이탈리아어이며&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;이를 문법적으로 분석하면 다음과 같습니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;주로 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;화성의 영감&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&quot; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;또는 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;조화의 영감&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;으로 번역됩니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;1. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;전체 구조 분석&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- L' (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;관사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) + Estro (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;명사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;) + Armonico (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;형용사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;구조&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;: [&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정관사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;] + [&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;명사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;] + [&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;형용사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;] (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;명사 수식 구조&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;2. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세부 문법 요소&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- L' (Lo): &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;남성 단수 정관사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(the)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;입니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;뒤에 오는 단어가 모음&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(E)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;으로 시작하기 때문에 축약된 형태입니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- Estro (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;명사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;남성&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;단수&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;): '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;영감&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;', '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;기발한 착상&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;', '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;광기&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;열정&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)' &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;등을 의미합니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. 18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;세기 문맥에서는 예술적 창조력이나 독창적인 아이디어를 뜻합니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- Armonico (&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;형용사&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;남성&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;단수&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;): '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;화성적인&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;', '&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;조화로운&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;', 'Harmonic'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;을 의미합니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;앞의 명사 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;Estro&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;를 수식합니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;3. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;의미 및 배경&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;직역&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;그 화성적인 영감 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(The Harmonic Inspiration/Whim)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;- &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;의미&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;: &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;단순히 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;화음이 조화롭다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;'&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;는 기술적 의미를 넘어&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;, &quot;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;조화로움을 이루는 기발한 음악적 영감&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&quot; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;정도로 해석할 수 있습니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&lt;span&gt;이 제목은 비발디의 혁신적인 화성과 구조&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;(12&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;개의 협주곡&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;가 조화를 이룬다는 뜻을 담고 있습니다&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;4. 연주 시간&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot; data-ke-size=&quot;size16&quot;&gt;- &lt;span data-copy-service-computed-style=&quot;font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400; margin: 0px; text-decoration: none; border-bottom: 0px rgb(10, 10, 10);&quot; data-processed=&quot;true&quot; data-subtree=&quot;aimfl,mfl&quot;&gt;비발디의 &amp;lsquo;조화의 영감(L'estro armonico, Op.3)&amp;rsquo; 12곡 전곡 연주 시간은 지휘자나 연주 속도에 따라 차이가 있으나, 일반적으로 &lt;/span&gt;&lt;b&gt;약 90분에서 100분(1시간 30분~40분) 내외&lt;/b&gt;가 소요됩니다.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</description>
      <category>음악/음악</category>
      <author>밝은하늘孤舟獨釣</author>
      <guid isPermaLink="true">https://livemocha.tistory.com/5347</guid>
      <comments>https://livemocha.tistory.com/5347#entry5347comment</comments>
      <pubDate>Mon, 4 May 2026 11:12:02 +0900</pubDate>
    </item>
  </channel>
</rss>