(테크놀로지) 구글 인공지능 바둑프로그램 알파고 세계바둑챔피온 이세돌 꺽다

출처: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35761246

Google’s AI beats world Go champion in first of five matches 구굴 인공지능 바둑프로그램 알파고 세계바둑챔피언 이세돌 9단 꺽다 (beat: 패배시키다, 승리하다) (world Go champion: 세계 바둑 챔피언) (match: 두 팀이나 두 사람이 진행하는 경기의 게임)

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WATCH: The whole match in less than a minute

In a landmark battle between man and artificial intelligence (AI), the world champion of the game Go was narrowly defeated by his computer opponent. 인간과 인공지능 알파고 사이의 기념비적 (바둑)싸움(=경기)에서, 세계바둑 챔피언이 컴퓨터 상대자에 근소한 차로 패배했다.

Google's DeepMind AlphaGo program beat South Korea's Lee Se-dol in the first of a series of games in Seoul. 

In October 2015, AlphaGo beat the European Go champion, an achievement that was not expected for years.

A computer has beaten the world chess champion, but the Chinese game Go is seen as significantly more complex. (complex: 복잡한)

Image copyrightTwitter

Image captionDeepMind's chief tweeted about the achievement

The BBC's Stephen Evans in Seoul said Mr Lee appeared "nervous, sighing and shaking his head" at the outset of the match.

Throughout most of the game Mr Lee seemed to have the upper hand but in the last 20 minutes, AlphaGo took an unassailable lead. Mr Lee than forfeited, handing victory to his opponent. (have the upper hand: 이기다, 우세하다) (unassailable: 난공불락의, 완벽한) (take a lead: 선도하다, 우세하다) (forfeit: 몰수당하다, 박탈당하다) (hand victory to ~: ~에게 기권하다)

The two sides will play a total of five games over the next five days for a prize of about $1m (£700,000).

Image copyrightGoogle

Image captionThe score board after the first of five matches

Algorithm vs intuition 컴퓨터의 알고리즘(=엄청난 계산능력?)과 인간의 직관능력의 대결 (algorithm: a set of rules for solving a problem in a finite number of steps, as forfinding the greatest common divisor.)

The five-day battle is being seen as a major test of what scientists and engineers have achieved in the sphere of artificial intelligence. (is being seen: 현재진행형과 수동태의 결합으로, 보여지고 있다는 뜻)

Go is a 3,000-year old Chinese board game and is considered to be a lot more complex than chess where artificial intelligence scored its most famous victory to date when IBM's Deep Blue beat grandmaster Gary Kasparov in 1997.

But experts say Go presents an entirely different challenge because of the game's incomputable number of move options which means that the computer must be capable of human-like "intuition" to prevail. (incomputable: 계산할 수없는, 계산불가한, 무수한) (move: 본래 움직임, 동작이란 뜻이나 여기선 바둑의 수를 지칭) (human-like: 인간같은, 인간같은) (prevail: 만연하다. 승리하다. 우위를 점하다.)

.Image copyrightGoogle

Image caption"I hope this advanced technology will be used for useful things," Mr Lee told the BBC

"Playing against a machine is very different from an actual human opponent," Mr Lee told the BBC ahead of the match. (Playing against a machine: 기계와 대적해서 하는 경기, 즉 기계와의 경기) (be different from~) (ahead of~)

"Normally, you can sense your opponent's breathing, their energy. And lots of times you make decisions which are dependent on the physical reactions of the person you're playing against.

"With a machine, you can't do that."

What is Go?

A brief guide to Go

Go is thought to date back to ancient China, several thousand years ago.

Using black-and-white stones on a grid, players gain the upper hand by surrounding their opponents pieces with their own. (grid: 격자판, 여기선 바둑판 지칭) (gain the upper hand: 이기다, 승리하다, 승리를 점하다)

The rules are simpler than those of chess, but a player typically has a choice of 200 moves compared with about 20 in chess.

There are more possible positions in Go than atoms in the universe, according to DeepMind's team.

It can be very difficult to determine who is winning, and many of the top human players rely on instinct.

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Learning from mistakes 

Google's AlphaGo was developed by British computer company Deep Mind which was bought by Google in 2014.

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Media captionGo champion Lee Se-dol says he is not sure he will be the "clear winner"

The computer program first studied common patterns that are repeated in past games, Demis Hassabis, DeepMind chief executive explained to the BBC.

"After it's learned that, it's got to reasonable standards by looking at professional games. It then played itself, different versions of itself millions and millions of times and each time get incrementally slightly better - it learns from its mistakes"

Learning and improving from its own matchplay experience means the super computer is now even stronger than when it beat the European champion late last year.