(유럽/그리스) 그리스 구제금융 찬반에 대한 국민투표

출처: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-33399718

1 hour ago: July 5, 2015

Greece referendum: Greeks in decisive vote over debt deal 그리스 국민투표: 채무처리에 대한 중요한 투표를 하게 되는 그리스國民

Voters at a polling station in Athens spoke of their frustration

Millions of Greeks are voting in a crucial referendum on whether to accept the terms of an international bailout. 수백만 그리스인들은 국제채권단의 조건을 받아들일 것인가 여부에 대한 중요한 국민투표를 실시하고 있다.

The government has urged a "No" vote, but the "Yes" side warns this could see Greece ejected from the eurozone. 정부에선 거부를 하라고 촉구하고 있으나, 동의하는 측은 거부는 그리스가 유로존에서 탈출하는 걸 의미한다고 경고한다.

"No one can ignore the will of a people," Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras said, after voting. First results are expected on Sunday evening.

Greeks appear evenly divided over the issue, according to opinion polls. Turnout is expected to be high.

The governing radical-left Syriza party has criticised the bailout terms as humiliating. Its leading figures say rejecting the terms could give them more leverage in talks over the country's massive debt.

However, international creditors have warned that a "No" vote could choke off vital funding for Greek banks and lead to "Grexit" - a chaotic departure from the common European currency. 국제채권단은 "거부"는 그리스 은행들에 대한 중요한 자금줄을 조일 것이며 "그렉싯" (유럽 공통통화권에서의 혼란스런 탈출)로 이끌 것이라 경고하고 있다. 

The "Yes" campaign has framed the vote in just such terms - as a referendum on Greek membership of the eurozone.

Follow our live updates

Mark Lowen: "Whichever way the vote goes, Greece's underlying problems are still there"

Athens resident Maya Korba voted "Yes" - but was not truly happy with either option

Officials scrambled to get polling stations ready in time for voters on Sunday

Banks have been shut and capital controls in place since the start of the week, after the European Central Bank declined to give Greece more emergency funding.

The country's current bailout then expired on Tuesday and Greece missed a €1.6bn (£1.1bn) payment to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). 그리스의 현재 구제금융은 화요일 만료되어, 국제통화기금에 16억 유로(11억 프랑)의 지불를 못했다.

Casting his ballot, Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis described the referendum as "a holy moment" that "gives hope that the common currency and democracy can co-exist".

At the scene: The BBC's Mark Lowen in Athens

Under a cloudless sky they are streaming into this Athens polling station on a day that will shape the fate of Greece and of Europe. It is the climax of the Greek debt story: when this nation will accept or reject the entire eurozone strategy of the past five years.

If Greeks say "Yes", it would be hard to see this government staying put, having led the campaign against the measures. If it is a "No", emergency funds to Greek banks would be in jeopardy and eurozone leaders say a euro exit would be hastened. That's simply scaremongering, says the Greek government. But if negotiations do resume, there will be plenty of bad blood.

This campaign has profoundly divided Greeks. Tassos, voting "Yes", told me that Greece belongs in Europe. on the other side, 83-year-old Anastasia told me she couldn't survive on her meagre pension and was voting "for my homeland".

What is the referendum about?

Mr Varoufakis earlier told local media that the EU had "no legal grounds" to throw Greece out of the euro.

The finance minister said banks would reopen on Tuesday, whatever the outcome, and that Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras would still reach an agreement with creditors if the result was "No" in the referendum.

Ros Atkins takes a look at the numbers behind Greece's referendum

Key figures in Greek politics have already cast their ballots

French Economy Minister Emmanuel Macron said negotiations should continue even in the case of a win for the "No" vote, and that Europe could not "crush an entire people".

Meanwhile, German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble, one of Greece's harshest critics, suggested that if Greece were to leave the eurozone, it might only be temporary.

Greece was a member of the eurozone, "whether with the euro or temporarily without it - only the Greeks can answer this question," he told the German newspaper Bild on Saturday. "And it is clear that we will not leave the people in the lurch."

Ballot paper question 투표용지 안의 질문

"Must the agreement plan submitted by the European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund to the Eurogroup of 25 June, 2015, and comprised of two parts which make up their joint proposal, be accepted? The first document is titled "reforms for the completion of the current programme and beyond" and the second "Preliminary debt sustainability analysis". 유럽위원회, 유럽중앙은행, 국제통화기금이 2015년 6월25일 유로그룹에 제출한 동의계획을 받아들여야 하는가? 

Voters must check one of two boxes - "not approved/no" or, below it, "approved/yes"

Voices from a Greek island

The question that makes (almost) no sense

Capital controls have been in place in Greece over the past week

Electoral workers have raced to get polling stations ready in time, with army helicopters being used instead of boats to rush ballot papers to the islands. Nearly 10 million people are eligible to vote.

Several European officials have complained in strong terms about Greece's abrupt decision to hold a referendum on the terms of a bailout offer they say is no longer on the table.

Greece's Syriza-led government was elected in January on an anti-austerity platform.

The European Commission - one of the "troika" of creditors along with the International Monetary Fund and the European Central Bank - wants Athens to raise taxes and slash welfare spending to meet its debt obligations.

Lenders' proposals: Key sticking points

• VAT (sales tax): Alexis Tsipras accepts a new three-tier system, but wants to keep 30% discount on the Greek islands' VAT rates. Lenders want the islands' discounts scrapped
• Pensions: Ekas top-up grant for some 200,000 poorer pensioners will be phased out by 2020 - as demanded by lenders. But Mr Tsipras says no to immediate Ekas cut for the wealthiest 20% of Ekas recipients
• Defence: Mr Tsipras says reduce ceiling for military spending by €200m in 2016 and €400m in 2017. Lenders call for €400m reduction - no mention of €200m

Source: European Commission document, 26 Jun 15 (pdf)

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