과학과 테크놀로지/테크놀로지

(테크놀로지) Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope 五百米口鏡球面射電望遠鏡

밝은하늘孤舟獨釣 2016. 7. 5. 16:24

출처: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_hundred_meter_Aperture_Spherical_Telescope


밝은 하늘: 이하의 망원경이 중국이 건조하고 있는 세계최대 전파망원경이다. 금년 9월 오픈할 예정으로, 공정률 98%라고 한다. 한화로 2천억원이 투입된 중국의 국가주도 우주 프로젝트이다.


Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope 

500미터 조리개 구형 망원경
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope
Location(s)Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
Coordinates25°39′10.5″N106°51′23.7″E[1]Coordinates: 25°39′10.5″N 106°51′23.7″E[1]
Wavelength10 cm to 4.3 m[2]:11[3]
Built2011–2016 (under construction)
Telescope styleDeformable fixed primary
Diameter500 m (physical)
300 m (effective)[2]:12
Collecting area70000 m2
Focal length140 m (f/0.466)[2]:12
Domenone
Websitefast.bao.ac.cn/en/

The Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) (Chinese: 五百米口径球面射电望远镜) or Tianyan (Chinese: 天眼) is a radio telescope under construction located in the Dawodang depression (Chinese: 大窝凼洼地), a natural basin in Pingtang County, Guizhou Province, southwest China.[4]

Construction on the FAST project began in 2011 and has been completed in July 2016. It is expected to be operational by September 2016.[5] It will be the world's second largest radio telescope (after the Russian RATAN-600, which has a sparsely filled aperture).[2][6] It costs 700 million yuan[7] (around 110 million US dollars at the time). "Image of near-completion."

History[edit]

The telescope was first proposed in 1994. The project was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC) in July 2007.[8] A 65-person village was relocated from the valley to make room for the telescope[9] and an additional 9,110 people living within a 5 km radius of the telescope were relocated to create a radio-quiet area.[9][10]

On December 26, 2008, a foundation laying ceremony was held on the construction site.[11] Construction started in March 2011,[7][12] and the last panel was installed on the morning of 3 July 2016.[9][12][13][14]

Overview[edit]

FAST has 4450[9] triangular panels and is similar in design to the Arecibo Observatory, utilizing a natural hollow (karst) to provide support for the telescope dish. As the name suggests, it will have a diameter of 500 metres (1,600 ft). Unlike Arecibo, which has a fixed spherical curvature (and thus a complex feed system to counter spherical aberration), FAST uses an active surface that continually adjusts to create a parabola aligned with the desired sky direction. FAST will have an effective dish size of 300 m (achieved by Arecibo only for observations at zenith). FAST will be capable of covering the sky within ±40° from the zenith (compared to Arecibo's ±20° range), although the effective aperture is reduced by vignetting at angles above ±30°.[2]:13 Its pointing precision will be 8 arcseconds.[2]:24[8]:179

Its working frequency range of 70 MHz to 3.0 GHz,[15] is covered by 9 receivers,[2]:30 with the 1.23–1.53 GHz band around the hydrogen line using a 19-beam receiver built by the CSIRO as part of the ACAMAR collaboration between the Australian Academy of Science and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.[16]

The site's karst depression is large enough to host the 500-meter telescope and deep enough to allow a zenith angle of 40°. The light-weight feed cabin—suspended 140 m above the reflector—will be driven by cables and servomechanisms in addition to a parallel robot as a secondary adjustable system to move with high precision.

The chief scientist of the project is Nan Rendong (Chinese: 南仁东),[14] a researcher with the Chinese National Astronomical Observatory, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up^ Location taken from satellite views. Project documents give the location as 25°38′50″N 106°51′21″E, but that appears to be inaccurate by about 500 m to the south.
  2. ^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g Nan, Rendong (April 2008). Project FAST — Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (PDF). China-US Bilateral Workshop on Astronomy. Beijing. Retrieved2016-07-04.
  3. Jump up^ Harris, Margaret (2009-01-27). "China builds super-sized radio telescope - physicsworld.com". physicsworld.com. Retrieved 2015-10-20.
  4. Jump up^ "中国"天眼"能不能发现外星人？" [Can Chinese Tianyan find aliens?]. XINHUANET.com. 22 February 2016.
  5. Jump up^ "China makes a statement with world's biggest telescope". The Christian Science Monitor url=http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0704/China-makes-a-statement-with-world-s-biggest-telescope. July 4, 2016.
  6. Jump up^ "China starts building world's biggest radio telescope". New Scientist. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  7. ^ Jump up to:a b Quick, Darren (2011-06-16). "China building world's biggest radio telescope". gizmag. Retrieved 2012-08-13.
  8. ^ Jump up to:a b Jin, C. J.; Nan, R. D.; Gan, H. Q. (2007). "The FAST telescope and its possible contribution to high precision astrometry" (PDF). International Astronomical Union 248: 178–181.doi:10.1017/S1743921308018978. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  9. ^ Jump up to:a b c d "Xinhua Insight: Installation complete on world's largest radio telescope". Xinhua. 3 July 2016.
  10. Jump up^ Wong, Edward (17 February 2016). "China Telescope to Displace 9,000 Villagers in Hunt for Extraterrestrials". New York Times. The report said officials were moving 2,029 families, a total of 9,110 people, who live within about three miles of the telescope in the area of Pingtang and Luodian Counties in the southwestern province of Guizhou. Depopulating the area will create "a sound electromagnetic wave environment" for the telescope, Xinhua said.
  11. Jump up^ "中国科学院·贵州省共建国家重大科技基础设施500米口径球面射电望远镜（ＦＡＳＴ）项目奠基". Guizhou Daily. 2008-12-27. Retrieved December 28, 2008.
  12. ^ Jump up to:a b Rendong Nan; Di Li; Chengjin Jin; Qiming Wang; Lichun Zhu; Wenbai Zhu; Haiyan Zhang; Youling Yue; Lei Qian (2011-05-20). "The Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) Project". International Journal of Modern Physics D 20 (6): 989–1024. arXiv:1105.3794. doi:10.1142/S0218271811019335.
  13. Jump up^ http://thebricspost.com/china-completes-installation-of-worlds-largest-telescope/
  14. ^ Jump up to:a b McKirdy, Euan (12 October 2015). "China looks to the stars with creation of world's largest radio telescope". CNN News. Retrieved 2015-10-19.
  15. Jump up^ "Receiver Systems". FAST Home Page. National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 28 June 2014.
  16. Jump up^ Strom, Marcus (6 May 2016). "CSIRO technology to be at the heart of the world's largest radio telescope in China". Sydney Morning Herald (Fairfax Media). Retrieved 7 May 2016.

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]




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