(유럽) 프랑스 노동자 파업: 정유공장 근로자들 노동악법에 항의하여 파업 단행

출처: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36366912

French labour dispute: Strike hits all eight oil refineries

• 24 May 2016
 
• From the sectionEurope

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Media captionThis strike is really making itself felt, says the BBC's Lucy Williamson from a Paris petrol station

A strike over new labour laws has spread to all of France's eight oil refineries, the CGT union says, in an escalating dispute with the government.

An estimated 20% of petrol stations have either run dry or are low on supplies.

Clashes broke out at one refinery early on Tuesday when police broke up a blockade at Fos-sur-Mer in Marseille. (refinery: 정제, 제당, 정유하는 공장)

Prime Minister Manuel Valls insisted the labour laws would stand, and that further blockades would be broken up.

"That's enough. It's unbearable to see this sort of thing," he told French radio. "The CGT will come up against an extremely firm response from the government. We'll carry on clearing sites blocked by this organisation."

Image copyrightAFP

Image captionWorkers barricaded the western port of Saint-Nazaire before blockading Donges refinery

• The jokes on social media
• Protests as Valls forces labour laws through
• Violence mars Paris police protest
• Hollande's last throw of the dice

The strike has gradually spread across France's fuel infrastructure, hitting oil refineries, fuel depots and petrol stations across the country.

The government said two out of every 10 petrol stations were affected, but motorists uploaded details of many more that had problems with supplies.

Image copyrightMON-ESSENCE.FR

Image captionFrench motorists have been providing updates on petrol shortages across the country

Petrol shortages were a hot issue on social media on Tuesday.

Some Twitters backed the industrial action under the hashtag #JeSoutiensLaGreve (I support the strike), while others toyed with film titles under the hashtag #PenurieCarburantDansUnFilm (fuel shortage in a film).

Image copyrightTWITTER

Image captionAmong the altered film titles were Pump fiction, Not Fast and Furious, Peter Panne (Peter Breakdown) and Total Recall (referring to France's main oil refinery company)

Police moved in early at dawn on Tuesday to dismantle a blockade outside the Fos-sur-Mer oil refinery and petrol depot at Marseille port. (dismantle: 분해, 해체하다) (petrol depot: 휘발유 저장소/창고)

'Minority support'

Tear gas and water cannon were fired, projectiles thrown, and tyres and pallets set alight, reports said. Several people were hurt on both sides. (projectile: 발사무기) (pallet: 화물 운반 위한 받침대)

In his first intervention in the dispute, President Francois Hollande denounced the blockade as a "strategy supported by a minority".

Multinational Total, which owns five of France's oil refineries, threatened to review its investments in response to the disruption.

"If our colleagues want to take an industrial asset hostage for a cause that is foreign to the company, you have to ask whether that is where we should invest," Chief Executive Patrick Pouyanne told reporters.

He cited a planned €500m modernisation plan at Donges, near the western port of Saint-Nazaire, where some of the biggest disruption took place on Tuesday.

"I'm not saying we won't go ahead with it, just that we must learn the lessons of what's happening and review these plans."

Euro 2016

The union is aiming to cut output by half at the refineries and wants strikes on the railways as well, in an attempt to reverse labour laws that make it easier for companies to hire and fire staff. 밝은 하늘: 불란서 노동자들이 새 노동법이 기업으로 하여금 자기들 마음대로 한국처럼 노동자를 쉽게 고용하고 자를 수 있게 하기 때문. 새로운 노동법은 세계적 현상. 특히 자본주의 기업의 이윤의 극대화를 추구하는 세계적 현상임을 확인하게 됨.

There are concerns that the disruption may affect the Euro 2016 football championships, with one former union leader saying the event is not "sacred".

The government provoked union outrage when it resorted to a constitutional device to force its watered-down labour reforms through parliament without a vote, earlier this month.

Image copyrightREUTERS

Image captionPolice removed a blockade outside the Fos-sur-Mer refinery in Marseille early on Tuesday

French labour reform bill - main points

• The 35-hour week remains in place, but as an average. Firms can negotiate with local trade unions on more or fewer hours from week to week, up to a maximum of 46 hours
• Firms are given greater freedom to reduce pay 
• The law eases conditions for laying off workers, strongly regulated in France. It is hoped companies will take on more people if they know they can shed jobs in case of a downturn (lay off: 해고하다) (shed: 해고하다) (downturn: 감소, 하락)
• Employers given more leeway to negotiate holidays and special leave, such as maternity or for getting married. These are currently also heavily regulated (leeway: 자유, 재량) 

** 이 기사를 통해 알 수 있는 사실 **

1. 불란서도 정부차원에서 기업들과 합세하여, 한국처럼 노동악법을 시도하는 것에 대항해, 노동자들이 시위를 벌이고 있다는 사실을 확인하게 된다.

2. 근로자를 기업가 마음대로 자를 수 있도록 법조항을 고쳤다는 사실은 기업의 이윤이 근로자들의 삶보다 더 중요하다는 자본주의의 맨얼굴을 보여주고 있다.

3. YTN 금일 뉴스를 확인해보니, 한국과 프랑스 외에도, 벨기에, 이태리, 스페인 등의 나라들도 비용을 줄인다는 명분으로 노동악법(근로자해고 요건완화, 임금 삭감, 노동시간 연장 등)을 시행하거나 시행하려고 하는 모양이니, 이는 아마 전세계적 현상일 것으로 보인다.